What police must prove | - Assault: that you applied force or caused immediate fear of unlawful violence—intentionally or recklessly, without consent.
- Stalk/intimidate: that your conduct amounted to stalking or intimidation and you intended the person to fear physical/mental harm. (Texts, calls, tracking, repeated visits can count.)
- Damage property: that you intentionally or recklessly destroyed/damaged another’s property (can include shared items).
- Contravene ADVO: that you knew about the ADVO and breached a listed condition.
| Defences to Domestic Violence Charges (NSW) | The right defence depends on the exact charge (assault, stalk/intimidate, property damage, breach ADVO) and the evidence. At Your Defence Advocates (YDA) we pressure-test every element, the “domestic relationship” label, and the police process to find the cleanest path to a defence, a downgrade, or a non-conviction outcome. - False allegation / credibility: Expose inconsistencies, motives, and missing independent proof.
- Mistaken identity / didn’t happen: Weak or unreliable identification = charge should fail.
- Self-defence (incl. others/property): Your response was a reasonable reaction in the moment.
- No intent / no intimidation (s 13): Law requires intent to cause fear—annoyance or heated words may not qualify.
- Accident / no assault: Assault needs intent or recklessness; accidents or trivial contact fall short.
- Consent / lawful excuse (property): Ownership/permission can defeat damage allegations.
- Not a “domestic relationship”: If the legal definition isn’t met, the DV label shouldn’t apply.
- Reasonable excuse (ADVO breaches): No knowledge of the order/condition, or a valid excuse, can defeat the charge.
- Proof gaps: If the Crown can’t prove every element beyond reasonable doubt, you’re entitled to acquittal.
- Unlawful search / inadmissible evidence: Seek to exclude illegally obtained or unreliable material (e.g., BWV gaps, hearsay).
| Penalties & sentencing in DV matters | NSW courts treat domestic violence (DV) offences very seriously. Recent reforms tightened sentencing so that, where a DV offence is proved, the court must start by considering custody or supervision. Pursuant to Section 4A – Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 If you’re found guilty of a DV offence, the court must impose either: - Full-time detention, or
- A supervised order (i.e. Conditional Release Order with or without conviction/Community Corrections Order, Intensive Corrections Order), unless the court explains why another option is more appropriate on your facts.
Section 4B – Victim safety comes first Before making a supervised order the court must consider the safety of the protected person. A home-detention condition (as part of an Intensive CorrecO) cannot be made if the court reasonably believes you would live with the victim. | | Sentencing outcomes the court can consider | Your result depends on the charge, the facts, your history, any ADVO issues, and rehabilitation steps. Outcomes include: - s 10(1)(a) Dismissal — Offence proved but no conviction recorded.
- Conditional Release Order (CRO) — Court-ordered conditions, with or without conviction (e.g., good behaviour, treatment).
- Fine — Monetary penalty (usually alongside a conviction).
- Community Correction Order (CCO) — A supervised order with tailored conditions (e.g., community service, programs).
- Intensive Correction Order (ICO) — A custodial sentence served in the community under strict supervision (curfew, electronic monitoring, no alcohol, programs).
- Full-Time Imprisonment — Reserved for the most serious cases or where risk and deterrence require it.
Practical tip: Early, informed decisions (getting advice before interview, addressing alcohol/anger/mental-health factors, and demonstrating rehabilitation) can meaningfully influence whether the court chooses supervision over custody, or even a non-conviction outcome in suitable cases. | What’s an ADVO vs APVO? | ADVO: domestic relationship. APVO: no domestic relationship (e.g., neighbours/co-workers). Breach of an AVO is a crime with max 2 years. | |